Suradinata, Yusuf Ardian and , Suryo Saputra Perdana, M.Sc,PT. (2026) Efektivitas Program Recovery Upper Limb Berbasis Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (Nmes) Pada Cerebral Palsy Quadriplegic. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
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Abstract
Background: Athletes with severe quadriplegic cerebral palsy (GMFCS level IV–V) frequently experience upper limb spasticity, which impacts motor function, movement control, and sports performance such as boccia. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) is a physiotherapy intervention that has the potential to reduce spasticity through neuromuscular modulation and spinal reflex regulation. However, detailed descriptions ofchanges in spasticity across different upper limb muscle groups following intervention remain limited. Objective: This study aimed to describe changes in upper limb spasticity levels after the implementation of an NMES-based upper limb recovery program in athletes with severe quadriplegic cerebral palsy. Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The subjects consisted of 20 boccia athletes diagnosed with quadriplegic cerebral palsy GMFCS level IV–V. The NMES intervention was administered for 4 weeks, with a frequency of three sessions per week. The measured parameters included spasticity levels of the biceps brachii, wrist flexors, and shoulder adductors using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Paired Sample t-test, Pearson correlation test, and effect size calculation (R²). Results: The analysis demonstrated a decrease in the mean MAS scores across all muscle groups following the intervention. The mean MAS score for the biceps decreased from 2.095 ± 0.710 to 1.640 ± 0.718; wrist flexors from 2.255 ± 0.607 to 1.650 ± 0.668; and shoulder adductors from 2.460 ± 0.510 to 2.000 ± 0.612. The reduction in the overall upper limb MAS mean score from 2.271 ± 0.411 to 1.764 ± 0.413 indicated an overall improvement in muscle tone (p < 0.05). A very strong correlation was found between wrist flexor spasticity and overall upper limb spasticity (r = 0.855; R² = 0.731), whereas the contribution of the biceps was relatively small (R² = 0.053). Conclusion: The NMES-based upper limb recovery program was effective in reducing upper limb spasticity in athletes with severe quadriplegic cerebral palsy. The wrist flexor muscle group demonstrated a dominant contribution to global upper limb spasticity changes. NMES has the potential to serve as a beneficial sports physiotherapy intervention to support motor function and recovery in this population. Further research using a randomized controlled trial design with a larger sample size is recommended to strengthen these findings.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Cerebral Palsy Quadriplegic, Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES), Recovery, Upper Limb Function, Fisioterapi Olahraga. |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > Physiotherapy > Therapeutic Massege R Medicine > Physiotherapy > Bone fracture R Medicine > Physiotherapy > Muscle |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan > S1 Fisioterapi |
| Depositing User: | YUSUF ARDIAN SURADINATA |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Aug 2026 01:13 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Aug 2026 01:15 |
| URI: | http://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/146101 |
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