Antara Kebebasan Individu Dan Kewajiban Kolektif: Analisis Filsafat Politik Atas Pemungutan Zakat Di Negara Demokrasi Indonesia

Gumilang, Beng Beng Aria and , Fahmi Ali Hudaefi, SEI., MSh.Fin. (2025) Antara Kebebasan Individu Dan Kewajiban Kolektif: Analisis Filsafat Politik Atas Pemungutan Zakat Di Negara Demokrasi Indonesia. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

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Abstract

This study departs from the philosophical dilemma between individual freedom and collective obligation in the context of zakat collection in Indonesia’s democratic state. Zakat, as one of the pillars of Islam, has a dual dimension: on the one hand, it is a personal act of worship that affirms the spiritual relationship between Muslims and God; on the other hand, it functions as a socio-economic instrument for redistribution to promote justice and public welfare. The tension arises when a democratic state, which upholds individual freedom, attempts to regulate zakat as a public legal obligation. This research employs a qualitative approach through library research combined with interpretative-comparative analysis. Data are drawn from philosophical and legal literature on zakat, particularly the works of Isaiah Berlin, John Stuart Mill, Rousseau, Durkheim, and John Locke, which are then analyzed inductively and deductively. The findings reveal that zakat regulation in Indonesia, as stipulated in Law No. 23 of 2011, affirms its obligatory nature, yet its implementation remains semi-voluntary, lacking the coercive power of taxation. From the liberal perspective, zakat is understood as a moral-spiritual duty that should not be enforced by the state since it belongs to the sphere of individual autonomy. In contrast, the communitarian perspective views zakat as a collective obligation embodying social solidarity and the general will, as well as an instrument to reduce economic inequality. Ultimately, the position of zakat in Indonesia can be seen as a middle ground: religiously obligatory but implemented through state-facilitated institutions without becoming a coercive legal duty.

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Zakat, Individual Freedom, Collective Obligation, Liberalism, Communitarianism, Political Philosophy, Indonesian Democracy.
Subjects:	B Al Islam; Pcychology; Philosophy; Religion > BA Islamic > Hukum Ekonomi Islam B Al Islam; Pcychology; Philosophy; Religion > BA Islamic > Fiqh Islam > Fiqh Ibadah > Ibadah Zakat, Infak, Shodaqoh, Wakaf H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) J Political Science > JA Political science (General)
Divisions:	Fakultas Agama Islam > S1 Hukum Ekonomi Syariah
Depositing User:	BENG BENG ARIA GUMILANG
Date Deposited:	23 Dec 2025 06:37
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2026 02:27
URI:	http://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/139916

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