Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring dan Pengaturan Daya Reaktif Bertahap Adaptif Pada Jaringan 3 Fasa Berbasis Mikrokontroler

Nugraha, Farhan Rahmadhani and , Ir. Rizki Nurilyas Ahmad, S.T., M.T. (2026) Rancang Bangun Sistem Monitoring dan Pengaturan Daya Reaktif Bertahap Adaptif Pada Jaringan 3 Fasa Berbasis Mikrokontroler. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

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Abstract

A low power factor in electrical installations caused by highly inductive loads is a crucial issue that directly degrades energy efficiency. This condition significantly leads to a surge in reactive power demand, increased line currents, and elevated powerlosses within the electrical system. To address these challenges, this study designs and implements an innovative ESP32 microcontroller-based VAR Compensator. The system is specifically designed to comprehensively monitor electrical parameters while adaptively regulating reactive power compensation utilizing a multi-stage capacitor bank. Architecturally, the system integrates PZEM-004T sensors for precise data acquisition, a reliable Modbus RS485 communication protocol, and Solid State Relays (SSR) as responsive actuators for capacitor switching. The primary advantage of this system lies in its intelligent control algorithm, which evaluates load fluctuations in real-time and securely latches the actuation of each capacitor step once the target power factor is achieved. This ensures the compensation capacity remains proportional to system requirements, effectively mitigating the risk of overcompensation (leading conditions). Comprehensive testing results demonstrate highly satisfactory performance. The PZEM-004T sensor recorded a high degree of accuracy, with an average measurement error of only 0.838% when compared to a Lutron Power Analyzer. Post-compensation, electrical power quality exhibited a drastic improvement; the power factor value surged from a critical range of 0,08–0,22 to an optimal level of 0,79–0,93. This improvement was accompanied by a significant reduction in reactive power demand and system current. Furthermore, testing under various load configurations proved that the system adapts automatically with a response time of 10–70 seconds, ensuring that the power factor correction process operates efficiently, stably, and reliably.

Item Type:	Thesis (Skripsi)
Uncontrolled Keywords:	automatic power factor correction, ESP32, kapasitor bank adaptif, PZEM-004T, VAR compensator.
Subjects:	Q Science > QA Mathematics Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA76 Computer software > QA763 Operating system Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA76 Computer software > QA764 System Utilities Q Science > QC Physics T Technology > TK Electrical engineering. Electronics Nuclear engineering > TK02 High Voltage T Technology > TL Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. Astronautics
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknik > S1 Teknik Elektro
Depositing User:	FARHAN RAHMADHANI NUGRAHA
Date Deposited:	20 Jul 2026 06:13
Last Modified:	20 Jul 2026 06:13
URI:	http://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/146132

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