Aditya, Anfa'al Nissa and , apt. Asti Arum Sari, S.Farm., M.Pharm.Sci (2026) Uji Efektivitas Pengawet Benzalkonium Klorida dalam Tetes Mata Timol Maleat Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
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Abstract
Many eye drops are used to treat eye problems, such as irritation, eye infections, ocular hypertension, and others. These preparations generally have a short Beyond Use Date (BUD) even though they contain preservatives, especially minidose preparations. This is due to the high risk of microbial contamination during use, especially after passing the BUD. Therefore, the effectiveness of preservatives in maintaining the microbiological stability of the preparation is an important aspect in pharmacy. This study aims to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of benzalkonium chloride in minidose eye drops against the growth of S. aureus and E. coli. The sample used was a minidose thymol maleate eye drop in a sealed condition that had passed the BUD. Microbiological tests were carried out using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method and antibacterial effectiveness was assessed based on the calculation of the log reduction and the microbial death rate constant (K). The log reduction results showed that on the 7th day, the sealed preparations of S.aureus (1.18) and E.coli (1.24) bacteria met the requirements of the Indonesian Pharmacopoeia with a log reduction value of ≥ 1.0, while the preparations that passed the BUD did not meet the criteria. On the 14th day, both the sealed preparations and those that passed the BUD did not meet the log reduction requirements because the results obtained were less than 3.0 logs, namely, the log reduction value was between -0.044 and 0.352. The finding of a negative log reduction value indicates the possibility of microbial regrowth, decreased preservative effectiveness, or the influence of technical factors during the test. Kinetic analysis showed that the preparations that were still sealed had a higher K value than the preparations that passed the BUD, indicating better antimicrobial activity and microbiological stability. A low or negative K value indicates that the ability of the benzalkonium chloride preservative to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and E. coli during storage is still limited. Overall, benzalkonium chloride in thymol maleate minidose eye drops showed quite good antimicrobial effectiveness in sealed preparations, but decreased after passing through the BUD.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Skripsi) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | benzalkonium chloride, thymol maleate eye drops, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. |
| Subjects: | R Medicine > Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Farmasi > S1 Farmasi |
| Depositing User: | ANFA'AL NISSA ADITYA |
| Date Deposited: | 13 May 2026 02:53 |
| Last Modified: | 13 May 2026 06:24 |
| URI: | http://eprints.ums.ac.id/id/eprint/145033 |
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